Oxygen Delivery Devices: Flow Rates and FiO2 for the NCLEX

Low-Flow Devices

• Nasal cannula: 1-6 L/min, FiO2 24-44%. Most comfortable, client can eat/talk
• Simple face mask: 5-10 L/min, FiO2 40-60%. Minimum 5 L/min to prevent CO2 rebreathing

High-Flow Devices

• Non-rebreather mask: 10-15 L/min, FiO2 80-95%. Reservoir bag must stay inflated
• Venturi mask: Precise FiO2 delivery (24-50%). Best for COPD - prevents CO2 retention
• High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC): Up to 60 L/min, FiO2 21-100%

Key NCLEX Points

• COPD: Use low-flow O2 (1-2 L/min nasal cannula or Venturi) - target SpO2 88-92%
• Never use more than 2 L/min on COPD clients without an order
• Humidify oxygen at flow rates >4 L/min
• No smoking or open flames near oxygen
• Post "Oxygen in Use" signs
• Keep petroleum-based products away from oxygen equipment

Review our Respiratory Disorders cheat sheet and Respiratory Nursing deep dive.